University of California San Francisco

Robert Raffai - 144px
Robert Raffai, PhD

Professor of Surgery
Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine
University of California, San Francisco
Research Scientist 
Northern California Institute for Research and Education, Inc.(NICRE)
San Francisco VA Health Care System

Address

35 Medical Center Way, #001
San Francisco, CA 94143
United States

Email: [email protected]
Phone: 415-221-4810 ext. 22541
Fax: 415-750-2181

Biography

The focus of our laboratory rests with exploring the influence of metabolic stress on accelerated atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease. Specifically, our interest is in how a protein called apolipoprotein E controls hematopoiesis through microRNA regulation to suppress atherosclerosis beyond its ability to lower plasma lipid levels.

A second interest of our laboratory explores how diabetic hyperglycemia contributes to differential microRNA biogenesis in mature immune cells and their progenitors. Specifically, we examine how this impacts on the release of these microRNAs into extracellular vesicles including exosomes to impact systemic and vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Our goal is to develop engineered exosomes with defined microRNA cargo as new nanobiological effectors to control inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Education

Institution Degree Dept or School End Date
University of Ottawa Ph.D Biochemistry 05/1998
McGill University B.S. Biochemistry 05/1990

Grants and Funding

  • BLRD Research Career Scientist Award Application | NIH | 2021-04-01 - 2026-03-31 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • P.R.I.S.M: Purification of exRNA by Immuno-capture and Sorting using Microfluidic | NIH | 2019-09-01 - 2023-08-31 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • Exosomes in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Atherosclerosis & its Treatment Opportunities | VA | 2019-07-01 - 2023-07-01 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • Exosomes in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Atherosclerosis & its Treatment Opportunities | NIH | 2019-07-01 - 2023-06-30 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • P.R.I.S.M: Purification of exRNA by Immuno-capture and Sorting using Microfluidic | NIH | 2019-09-01 - 2021-08-31 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • Hyperglycemia and MicroRNA Dysregulation of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis | NIH | 2016-06-01 - 2021-03-31 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • Immune Modulation and Cardiac Remodeling | VA | 2016-10-01 - 2020-09-30 | Role: Co-Investigator
  • In Vivo Regulated Release and Function of Extracellular Small RNAs | NIH/NCI | 2013-09-01 - 2018-08-31 | Role: Co-Investigator
  • Hyperglycemia Dysregulation of MicroRNA in Myeloid Cells: Impact on Atherosclerosis Regression | American Heart Association | 2016-01-01 - 2017-12-31 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • Does Diabetic Hyperglycemia Regulate Atherosclerosis Progression and Regression? | NIH | 2009-10-01 - 2014-06-30 | Role: Principal Investigator
  • Role of apolipoprotein E4 in the progression and regression of atherosclerosis | NIH | 2007-09-26 - 2014-06-30 | Role: Principal Investigator

Publications

MOST RECENT PUBLICATIONS FROM A TOTAL OF 95
  1. nSMase2-mediated exosome secretion shapes the tumor microenvironment to immunologically support pancreatic cancer.
    Hendley AM, Ashe S, Urano A, Ng M, Phu TA, Peng XL, Luan C, Finger AM, Jang GH, Kerper NR, Berrios DI, Jin D, Lee J, Riahi IR, Gbenedio OM, Chung C, Roose JP, Yeh JJ, Gallinger S, Biankin AV, O'Kane GM, Ntranos V, Chang DK, Dawson DW, Kim GE, Weaver VM, Raffai RL, Hebrok M| | PubMed
  2. M2 Macrophage Exosomes Reverse Cardiac Functional Decline in Mice with Diet-Induced Myocardial Infarction by Suppressing Type 1 Interferon Signaling in Myeloid Cells.
    Ng M, Gao AS, Phu TA, Vu NK, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  3. Abstract A066: nSMase2-mediated exosome secretion shapes the tumor microenvironment to immunologically support pancreatic cancer.
    Audrey M Hendley, Sudipta Ashe, Atsushi Urano, Martin Ng, Tuan A Phu, Xianlu Laura Peng, Changfei Luan, Anna-Marie Finger, Gun Ho Jang, Natanya R Kerper, David I Berrios, David Jin, Jonghyun Lee, Irene R Riahi, Oghenekevwe M Gbenedio, Christina Chung, Jeroen P Roose, Jen Jen Yeh, Steven Gallinger, Andrew V Biankin, Grainne M O’Kane, Vasilis Ntranos, David K Chang, David W Dawson, Grace E Kim, Valerie M Weaver, Robert L Raffai, Matthias Hebrok| | UCSF Research Profile
  4. Comparison of EV characterization by commercial high-sensitivity flow cytometers and a custom single-molecule flow cytometer.
    Kim J, Xu S, Jung SR, Nguyen A, Cheng Y, Zhao M, Fujimoto BS, Nelson W, Schiro P, Franklin JL, Higginbotham JN, Coffey RJ, Shi M, Vojtech LN, Hladik F, Tewari M, Tigges J, Ghiran I, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Laurent LC, Das S, Gololobova O, Witwer KW, Xu T, Charest A, Jensen KVK, Raffai RL, Jones JC, Welsh JA, Nolan JP, Chiu DT| | PubMed
  5. Label-free single-vesicle based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy: A robust approach for investigating the biomolecular composition of small extracellular vesicles.
    Liu Z, Ng M, Srivastava S, Li T, Liu J, Phu TA, Mateescu B, Wang YT, Tsai CF, Liu T, Raffai RL, Xie YH| | PubMed
  6. Abstract 3047: Extracellular Vesicles Produced By IL4-polarized Human Macrophages Suppress Atherosclerosis By Reprograming Ly6c hi Monocytes.
    Robert L Raffai, Ngan K Vu, Tuan Anh Phu, Martin Ng, Alex Gao| | UCSF Research Profile
  7. The EV antibody database: An interactive database of curated antibodies for extracellular vesicle and nanoparticle research.
    Morey A, Ng M, Spanos M, Zhang P, Xu T, Cheung W, Chatterjee E, Gokulnath P, Carnel-Amar N, Soares Chiaretti AL, Nelson C, George J, Luo M, Chakraborty A, Perucci L, Jones JC, Hoff P, Franklin JL, Raffai RL, Das S, Routenberg DA, Nolan JP, Charest A, Laurent LC, Alexander RP| | PubMed
  8. Abstract A046: nSMase2-generated ceramide promotes PDA aggression through exosome reprogramming of the stroma.
    Audrey M. Hendley, Atsushi Urano, Xianlu L. Peng, Sudipta Ashe, Tuan A. Phu, Martin Ng, Natanya R. Kerper, David I. Berrios, Jonghyun Lee, David Jin, Gun H. Jang, Oghenekevwe M. Gbenedio, Jeroen P. Roose, Jen J. Yeh, Steven Gallinger, Andrew V. Biankin, Vasilis Ntranos, David K. Chang, David W. Dawson, Grace E. Kim, Valerie M. Weaver, Robert L. Raffai, Matthias Hebrok| | UCSF Research Profile
  9. Polarized macrophages regulate fibro/adipogenic progenitor (FAP) adipogenesis through exosomes.
    Liu M, Ng M, Phu T, Bouchareychas L, Feeley BT, Kim HT, Raffai RL, Liu X| | PubMed
  10. ApoE enhances mitochondrial metabolism via microRNA-142a/146a-regulated circuits that suppress hematopoiesis and inflammation in hyperlipidemia.
    Phu TA, Vu NK, Ng M, Gao AS, Stoolman JS, Chandel NS, Raffai RL| | PubMed
95
View all 95 Publications
MOST RECENT PUBLICATIONS FROM A TOTAL OF 95
  1. nSMase2-mediated exosome secretion shapes the tumor microenvironment to immunologically support pancreatic cancer.
    Hendley AM, Ashe S, Urano A, Ng M, Phu TA, Peng XL, Luan C, Finger AM, Jang GH, Kerper NR, Berrios DI, Jin D, Lee J, Riahi IR, Gbenedio OM, Chung C, Roose JP, Yeh JJ, Gallinger S, Biankin AV, O'Kane GM, Ntranos V, Chang DK, Dawson DW, Kim GE, Weaver VM, Raffai RL, Hebrok M| | PubMed
  2. M2 Macrophage Exosomes Reverse Cardiac Functional Decline in Mice with Diet-Induced Myocardial Infarction by Suppressing Type 1 Interferon Signaling in Myeloid Cells.
    Ng M, Gao AS, Phu TA, Vu NK, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  3. Abstract A066: nSMase2-mediated exosome secretion shapes the tumor microenvironment to immunologically support pancreatic cancer.
    Audrey M Hendley, Sudipta Ashe, Atsushi Urano, Martin Ng, Tuan A Phu, Xianlu Laura Peng, Changfei Luan, Anna-Marie Finger, Gun Ho Jang, Natanya R Kerper, David I Berrios, David Jin, Jonghyun Lee, Irene R Riahi, Oghenekevwe M Gbenedio, Christina Chung, Jeroen P Roose, Jen Jen Yeh, Steven Gallinger, Andrew V Biankin, Grainne M O’Kane, Vasilis Ntranos, David K Chang, David W Dawson, Grace E Kim, Valerie M Weaver, Robert L Raffai, Matthias Hebrok| | UCSF Research Profile
  4. Comparison of EV characterization by commercial high-sensitivity flow cytometers and a custom single-molecule flow cytometer.
    Kim J, Xu S, Jung SR, Nguyen A, Cheng Y, Zhao M, Fujimoto BS, Nelson W, Schiro P, Franklin JL, Higginbotham JN, Coffey RJ, Shi M, Vojtech LN, Hladik F, Tewari M, Tigges J, Ghiran I, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Laurent LC, Das S, Gololobova O, Witwer KW, Xu T, Charest A, Jensen KVK, Raffai RL, Jones JC, Welsh JA, Nolan JP, Chiu DT| | PubMed
  5. Label-free single-vesicle based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy: A robust approach for investigating the biomolecular composition of small extracellular vesicles.
    Liu Z, Ng M, Srivastava S, Li T, Liu J, Phu TA, Mateescu B, Wang YT, Tsai CF, Liu T, Raffai RL, Xie YH| | PubMed
  6. Abstract 3047: Extracellular Vesicles Produced By IL4-polarized Human Macrophages Suppress Atherosclerosis By Reprograming Ly6c hi Monocytes.
    Robert L Raffai, Ngan K Vu, Tuan Anh Phu, Martin Ng, Alex Gao| | UCSF Research Profile
  7. The EV antibody database: An interactive database of curated antibodies for extracellular vesicle and nanoparticle research.
    Morey A, Ng M, Spanos M, Zhang P, Xu T, Cheung W, Chatterjee E, Gokulnath P, Carnel-Amar N, Soares Chiaretti AL, Nelson C, George J, Luo M, Chakraborty A, Perucci L, Jones JC, Hoff P, Franklin JL, Raffai RL, Das S, Routenberg DA, Nolan JP, Charest A, Laurent LC, Alexander RP| | PubMed
  8. Abstract A046: nSMase2-generated ceramide promotes PDA aggression through exosome reprogramming of the stroma.
    Audrey M. Hendley, Atsushi Urano, Xianlu L. Peng, Sudipta Ashe, Tuan A. Phu, Martin Ng, Natanya R. Kerper, David I. Berrios, Jonghyun Lee, David Jin, Gun H. Jang, Oghenekevwe M. Gbenedio, Jeroen P. Roose, Jen J. Yeh, Steven Gallinger, Andrew V. Biankin, Vasilis Ntranos, David K. Chang, David W. Dawson, Grace E. Kim, Valerie M. Weaver, Robert L. Raffai, Matthias Hebrok| | UCSF Research Profile
  9. Polarized macrophages regulate fibro/adipogenic progenitor (FAP) adipogenesis through exosomes.
    Liu M, Ng M, Phu T, Bouchareychas L, Feeley BT, Kim HT, Raffai RL, Liu X| | PubMed
  10. ApoE enhances mitochondrial metabolism via microRNA-142a/146a-regulated circuits that suppress hematopoiesis and inflammation in hyperlipidemia.
    Phu TA, Vu NK, Ng M, Gao AS, Stoolman JS, Chandel NS, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  11. Exomap1 mouse: A transgenic model for in vivo studies of exosome biology.
    Fordjour FK, Abuelreich S, Hong X, Chatterjee E, Lallai V, Ng M, Saftics A, Deng F, Carnel-Amar N, Wakimoto H, Shimizu K, Bautista M, Phu TA, Vu NK, Geiger PC, Raffai RL, Fowler CD, Das S, Christenson LK, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Gould SJ| | PubMed
  12. Abstract P3167: Identification Of Macrophage-specific Markers On Extracellular Vesicles In A Transgenic Mouse Model And Humans.
    Natacha Carnel-Amar, Andras Saftics, Sarah Abu-Elreich, Michail Spanos, Emeli Chatterjee, Worawan Limpitikul, Ionita Ghiran, Stephen Gould, Robert Raffai, kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman, Saumya Das| | UCSF Research Profile
  13. ApoE expression in macrophages communicates immunometabolic signaling that controls hyperlipidemia-driven hematopoiesis & inflammation via extracellular vesicles.
    Phu TA, Ng M, Vu NK, Gao AS, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  14. Exomap1 mouse: a transgenic model for in vivo studies of exosome biology.
    Fordjour FK, Abuelreich S, Hong X, Chatterjee E, Lallai V, Ng M, Saftics A, Deng F, Carnel-Amar N, Wakimoto H, Shimizu K, Bautista M, Phu TA, Vu NK, Geiger PC, Raffai RL, Fowler CD, Das S, Christenson LK, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Gould SJ| | PubMed
  15. exRNA-eCLIP intersection analysis reveals a map of extracellular RNA binding proteins and associated RNAs across major human biofluids and carriers.
    LaPlante EL, Stürchler A, Fullem R, Chen D, Starner AC, Esquivel E, Alsop E, Jackson AR, Ghiran I, Pereira G, Rozowsky J, Chang J, Gerstein MB, Alexander RP, Roth ME, Franklin JL, Coffey RJ, Raffai RL, Mansuy IM, Stavrakis S, deMello AJ, Laurent LC, Wang YT, Tsai CF, Liu T, Jones J, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Van Nostrand E, Mateescu B, Milosavljevic A| | PubMed
  16. Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms have reduced levels of microRNA 122-5p in circulating exosomes.
    Lopez JL, Ramirez JL, Phu TA, Duong P, Bouchareychas L, Kuhrau CR, Lin PY, Eckalbar WL, Barczak AJ, Rudolph JD, Maliskova L, Conte MS, Vartanian SM, Raffai RL, Oskowitz AZ| | PubMed
  17. Current challenges and future directions for engineering extracellular vesicles for heart, lung, blood and sleep diseases.
    Li G, Chen T, Dahlman J, Eniola-Adefeso L, Ghiran IC, Kurre P, Lam WA, Lang JK, Marbán E, Martín P, Momma S, Moos M, Nelson DJ, Raffai RL, Ren X, Sluijter JPG, Stott SL, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Walker ND, Wang Z, Witwer KW, Yang PC, Lundberg MS, Ochocinska MJ, Wong R, Zhou G, Chan SY, Das S, Sundd P| | PubMed
  18. MetfOrmin BenefIts Lower Extremities with Intermittent Claudication (MOBILE IC): randomized clinical trial protocol.
    Reitz KM, Althouse AD, Forman DE, Zuckerbraun BS, Vodovotz Y, Zamora R, Raffai RL, Hall DE, Tzeng E| | PubMed
  19. Abstract C051: Ceramide signaling regulates PDA aggression through exosome reprogramming of the stroma.
    Audrey M. Hendley, Atsushi Urano, Xianlu L. Peng, Sudipta Ashe, Natanya R. Kerper, Tuan A. Phu, Martin Ng, Simone Giacometti, David I. Berrios, Gun H. Jang, Jen J. Yeh, Steven Gallinger, David K. Chang, Andrew V. Biankin, Valerie M. Weaver, Grace E. Kim, David W. Dawson, Robert L. Raffai, Matthias Hebrok| | UCSF Research Profile
  20. Poster 155: Muscle-Derived Beige Adipose Precursors Secrete Promyogenic Exosomes that Treat Rotator Cuff Muscle Degeneration in Mice and are Identified in Humans by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.
    Xuhui Liu, Steven Garcia, Hubert Kim, Robert Raffai, Brian Feeley, Michael Davies| | UCSF Research Profile
  21. Phase 2 of extracellular RNA communication consortium charts next-generation approaches for extracellular RNA research.
    Mateescu B, Jones JC, Alexander RP, Alsop E, An JY, Asghari M, Boomgarden A, Bouchareychas L, Cayota A, Chang HC, Charest A, Chiu DT, Coffey RJ, Das S, De Hoff P, deMello A, D'Souza-Schorey C, Elashoff D, Eliato KR, Franklin JL, Galas DJ, Gerstein MB, Ghiran IH, Go DB, Gould S, Grogan TR, Higginbotham JN, Hladik F, Huang TJ, Huo X, Hutchins E, Jeppesen DK, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Kim BYS, Kim S, Kim KM, Kim Y, Kitchen RR, Knouse V, LaPlante EL, Lebrilla CB, Lee LJ, Lennon KM, Li G, Li F, Li T, Liu T, Liu Z, Maddox AL, McCarthy K, Meechoovet B, Maniya N, Meng Y, Milosavljevic A, Min BH, Morey A, Ng M, Nolan J, De Oliveira Junior GP, Paulaitis ME, Phu TA, Raffai RL, Reátegui E, Roth ME, Routenberg DA, Rozowsky J, Rufo J, Senapati S, Shachar S, Sharma H, Sood AK, Stavrakis S, Stürchler A, Tewari M, Tosar JP, Tucker-Schwartz AK, Turchinovich A, Valkov N, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Vickers KC, Vojtech L, Vreeland WN, Wang C, Wang K, Wang Z, Welsh JA, Witwer KW, Wong DTW, Xia J, Xie YH, Yang K, Zaborowski MP, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Zivkovic AM, Laurent LC| | PubMed
  22. Muscle-Derived Beige Adipose Precursors Secrete Promyogenic Exosomes That Treat Rotator Cuff Muscle Degeneration in Mice and Are Identified in Humans by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.
    Davies MR, Garcia S, Liu M, Chi H, Kim HT, Raffai RL, Liu X, Feeley BT| | PubMed
  23. IL-4 polarized human macrophage exosomes control cardiometabolic inflammation and diabetes in obesity.
    Phu TA, Ng M, Vu NK, Bouchareychas L, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  24. Visualizing transfer of microbial biomolecules by outer membrane vesicles in microbe-host-communication in vivo.
    Bittel M, Reichert P, Sarfati I, Dressel A, Leikam S, Uderhardt S, Stolzer I, Phu TA, Ng M, Vu NK, Tenzer S, Distler U, Wirtz S, Rothhammer V, Neurath MF, Raffai RL, Günther C, Momma S| | PubMed
  25. High glucose macrophage exosomes enhance atherosclerosis by driving cellular proliferation & hematopoiesis.
    Bouchareychas L, Duong P, Phu TA, Alsop E, Meechoovet B, Reiman R, Ng M, Yamamoto R, Nakauchi H, Gasper WJ, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  26. M2 macrophage exosomes regulate hematopoiesis & resolve inflammation in atherosclerosis via microrna cargo.
    L. Bouchareychas, P. Duong, S. Covarrubias, E. Alsop, T.A. Q Phu, A. Chung, M. Gomes, D. Wong, B. Meechoovet, A. Capili, R. Yamamoto, H. Nakauchi, M. Mcmanus, S. Carpenter, K. Van Keuren-Jensen, R.L. Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  27. Abstract 15839: Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Have Reduced Levels of MicroRNA 122-5p in Circulating Exosomes.
    Jose L Lopez, Joel L Ramirez, Tuan Anh Phu, Phat Duong, Laura Bouchareychas, Christina R Kuhrau, Pei Yu Lin, Michael S Conte, Shant M Vartanian, Robert L Raffai, Adam Z Oskowitz| | UCSF Research Profile
  28. Abstract 17293: Hyperglycemia Enhances Pro-Inflammatory Properties of Macrophage-Derived Exosomes to Drive Hematopoiesis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mouse.
    Laura Bouchareychas, Phat Duong, Tuan Anh Phu, Eric Alsop, bessie meechoovet, Ryo Yamamoto, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, kendall Van Keuren-Jensen, Robert Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  29. Correction: Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC) improves the isolation efficiency of extracellular vesicles.
    Duong P, Chung A, Bouchareychas L, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  30. Macrophage Exosomes Resolve Atherosclerosis by Regulating Hematopoiesis and Inflammation via MicroRNA Cargo.
    Bouchareychas L, Duong P, Covarrubias S, Alsop E, Phu TA, Chung A, Gomes M, Wong D, Meechoovet B, Capili A, Yamamoto R, Nakauchi H, McManus MT, Carpenter S, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  31. Circulating exosomes from patients with peripheral artery disease influence vascular cell migration and contain distinct microRNA cargo.
    Sorrentino TA, Duong P, Bouchareychas L, Chen M, Chung A, Schaller MS, Oskowitz A, Raffai RL, Conte MS| | PubMed
  32. Abstract C20: Smpd3 augments chemotherapy and thwarts PDA progression.
    Audrey M. Hendley, Atsushi Urano, Natanya R. Kerper, Phat Duong, Peter Bailey, David K. Chang, Andrew V. Biankin, David W. Dawson, Grace Kim, Robert L. Raffai, Matthias Hebrok| | UCSF Research Profile
  33. Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC) improves the isolation efficiency of extracellular vesicles.
    Duong P, Chung A, Bouchareychas L, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  34. Female mice with apolipoprotein E4 domain interaction demonstrated impairments in spatial learning and memory performance and disruption of hippocampal cyto-architecture.
    Adeosun SO, Hou X, Shi L, Stockmeier CA, Zheng B, Raffai RL, Weisgraber KH, Mosley TH, Wang JM| | PubMed
  35. Small RNA Sequencing across Diverse Biofluids Identifies Optimal Methods for exRNA Isolation.
    Srinivasan S, Yeri A, Cheah PS, Chung A, Danielson K, De Hoff P, Filant J, Laurent CD, Laurent LD, Magee R, Moeller C, Murthy VL, Nejad P, Paul A, Rigoutsos I, Rodosthenous R, Shah RV, Simonson B, To C, Wong D, Yan IK, Zhang X, Balaj L, Breakefield XO, Daaboul G, Gandhi R, Lapidus J, Londin E, Patel T, Raffai RL, Sood AK, Alexander RP, Das S, Laurent LC| | PubMed
  36. The Extracellular RNA Communication Consortium: Establishing Foundational Knowledge and Technologies for Extracellular RNA Research.
    Das S, Extracellular RNA Communication Consortium, Ansel KM, Bitzer M, Breakefield XO, Charest A, Galas DJ, Gerstein MB, Gupta M, Milosavljevic A, McManus MT, Patel T, Raffai RL, Rozowsky J, Roth ME, Saugstad JA, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Weaver AM, Laurent LC| | PubMed
  37. exRNA Atlas Analysis Reveals Distinct Extracellular RNA Cargo Types and Their Carriers Present across Human Biofluids.
    Murillo OD, Thistlethwaite W, Rozowsky J, Subramanian SL, Lucero R, Shah N, Jackson AR, Srinivasan S, Chung A, Laurent CD, Kitchen RR, Galeev T, Warrell J, Diao JA, Welsh JA, Hanspers K, Riutta A, Burgstaller-Muehlbacher S, Shah RV, Yeri A, Jenkins LM, Ahsen ME, Cordon-Cardo C, Dogra N, Gifford SM, Smith JT, Stolovitzky G, Tewari AK, Wunsch BH, Yadav KK, Danielson KM, Filant J, Moeller C, Nejad P, Paul A, Simonson B, Wong DK, Zhang X, Balaj L, Gandhi R, Sood AK, Alexander RP, Wang L, Wu C, Wong DTW, Galas DJ, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Patel T, Jones JC, Das S, Cheung KH, Pico AR, Su AI, Raffai RL, Laurent LC, Roth ME, Gerstein MB, Milosavljevic A| | PubMed
  38. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines.
    Théry C, Witwer KW, Aikawa E, Alcaraz MJ, Anderson JD, Andriantsitohaina R, Antoniou A, Arab T, Archer F, Atkin-Smith GK, Ayre DC, Bach JM, Bachurski D, Baharvand H, Balaj L, Baldacchino S, Bauer NN, Baxter AA, Bebawy M, Beckham C, Bedina Zavec A, Benmoussa A, Berardi AC, Bergese P, Bielska E, Blenkiron C, Bobis-Wozowicz S, Boilard E, Boireau W, Bongiovanni A, Borràs FE, Bosch S, Boulanger CM, Breakefield X, Breglio AM, Brennan MÁ, Brigstock DR, Brisson A, Broekman ML, Bromberg JF, Bryl-Górecka P, Buch S, Buck AH, Burger D, Busatto S, Buschmann D, Bussolati B, Buzás EI, Byrd JB, Camussi G, Carter DR, Caruso S, Chamley LW, Chang YT, Chen C, Chen S, Cheng L, Chin AR, Clayton A, Clerici SP, Cocks A, Cocucci E, Coffey RJ, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Couch Y, Coumans FA, Coyle B, Crescitelli R, Criado MF, D'Souza-Schorey C, Das S, Datta Chaudhuri A, de Candia P, De Santana EF, De Wever O, Del Portillo HA, Demaret T, Deville S, Devitt A, Dhondt B, Di Vizio D, Dieterich LC, Dolo V, Dominguez Rubio AP, Dominici M, Dourado MR, Driedonks TA, Duarte FV, Duncan HM, Eichenberger RM, Ekström K, El Andaloussi S, Elie-Caille C, Erdbrügger U, Falcón-Pérez JM, Fatima F, Fish JE, Flores-Bellver M, Försönits A, Frelet-Barrand A, Fricke F, Fuhrmann G, Gabrielsson S, Gámez-Valero A, Gardiner C, Gärtner K, Gaudin R, Gho YS, Giebel B, Gilbert C, Gimona M, Giusti I, Goberdhan DC, Görgens A, Gorski SM, Greening DW, Gross JC, Gualerzi A, Gupta GN, Gustafson D, Handberg A, Haraszti RA, Harrison P, Hegyesi H, Hendrix A, Hill AF, Hochberg FH, Hoffmann KF, Holder B, Holthofer H, Hosseinkhani B, Hu G, Huang Y, Huber V, Hunt S, Ibrahim AG, Ikezu T, Inal JM, Isin M, Ivanova A, Jackson HK, Jacobsen S, Jay SM, Jayachandran M, Jenster G, Jiang L, Johnson SM, Jones JC, Jong A, Jovanovic-Talisman T, Jung S, Kalluri R, Kano SI, Kaur S, Kawamura Y, Keller ET, Khamari D, Khomyakova E, Khvorova A, Kierulf P, Kim KP, Kislinger T, Klingeborn M, Klinke DJ, Kornek M, Kosanovic MM, Kovács ÁF, Krämer-Albers EM, Krasemann S, Krause M, Kurochkin IV, Kusuma GD, Kuypers S, Laitinen S, Langevin SM, Languino LR, Lannigan J, Lässer C, Laurent LC, Lavieu G, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Le Lay S, Lee MS, Lee YXF, Lemos DS, Lenassi M, Leszczynska A, Li IT, Liao K, Libregts SF, Ligeti E, Lim R, Lim SK, Line A, Linnemannstöns K, Llorente A, Lombard CA, Lorenowicz MJ, Lörincz ÁM, Lötvall J, Lovett J, Lowry MC, Loyer X, Lu Q, Lukomska B, Lunavat TR, Maas SL, Malhi H, Marcilla A, Mariani J, Mariscal J, Martens-Uzunova ES, Martin-Jaular L, Martinez MC, Martins VR, Mathieu M, Mathivanan S, Maugeri M, McGinnis LK, McVey MJ, Meckes DG, Meehan KL, Mertens I, Minciacchi VR, Möller A, Møller Jørgensen M, Morales-Kastresana A, Morhayim J, Mullier F, Muraca M, Musante L, Mussack V, Muth DC, Myburgh KH, Najrana T, Nawaz M, Nazarenko I, Nejsum P, Neri C, Neri T, Nieuwland R, Nimrichter L, Nolan JP, Nolte-'t Hoen EN, Noren Hooten N, O'Driscoll L, O'Grady T, O'Loghlen A, Ochiya T, Olivier M, Ortiz A, Ortiz LA, Osteikoetxea X, Østergaard O, Ostrowski M, Park J, Pegtel DM, Peinado H, Perut F, Pfaffl MW, Phinney DG, Pieters BC, Pink RC, Pisetsky DS, Pogge von Strandmann E, Polakovicova I, Poon IK, Powell BH, Prada I, Pulliam L, Quesenberry P, Radeghieri A, Raffai RL, Raimondo S, Rak J, Ramirez MI, Raposo G, Rayyan MS, Regev-Rudzki N, Ricklefs FL, Robbins PD, Roberts DD, Rodrigues SC, Rohde E, Rome S, Rouschop KM, Rughetti A, Russell AE, Saá P, Sahoo S, Salas-Huenuleo E, Sánchez C, Saugstad JA, Saul MJ, Schiffelers RM, Schneider R, Schøyen TH, Scott A, Shahaj E, Sharma S, Shatnyeva O, Shekari F, Shelke GV, Shetty AK, Shiba K, Siljander PR, Silva AM, Skowronek A, Snyder OL, Soares RP, Sódar BW, Soekmadji C, Sotillo J, Stahl PD, Stoorvogel W, Stott SL, Strasser EF, Swift S, Tahara H, Tewari M, Timms K, Tiwari S, Tixeira R, Tkach M, Toh WS, Tomasini R, Torrecilhas AC, Tosar JP, Toxavidis V, Urbanelli L, Vader P, van Balkom BW, van der Grein SG, Van Deun J, van Herwijnen MJ, Van Keuren-Jensen K, van Niel G, et al| | PubMed
  39. MicroRNA-146a & hematopoiesis: friend or foe in atherosclerosis.
    Raffai RL| | PubMed
  40. Apolipoprotein E and Atherosclerosis: From Lipoprotein Metabolism to MicroRNA Control of Inflammation.
    Bouchareychas L, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  41. Abstract 184: Hyperglycemia Enhances Pro-inflammatory Properties of Macrophage-derived Exosomes to Drive Hematopoiesis in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mouse.
    Laura Bouchareychas, Allen Chung, David K Wong, Phat Duong, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  42. Abstract 262: Circulating Exosomes from PAD Patients Modulate Vascular Repair and Inflammation.
    Thomas A Sorrentino, Phat Duong, Laura Bouchareychas, Brian E Sansbury, Pete Mitchell, Mian Chen, Allen Chung, Melinda S Schaller, Matthew Spite, Robert L Raffai, Michael S Conte| | UCSF Research Profile
  43. Abstract 408: ApoE Regulation of Hematopoiesis Suppresses Atherosclerosis by Reducing Adaptive Immunity in Hyperlipidemic Mice.
    Laura Bouchareychas, Ryo Yamamoto, Fu Sang Luk, Roy Y Kim, David Wong, Jonathan Villeneuva, Phat Duong, Allen Chung, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Robert Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  44. Abstract 443: Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC) Improves the Isolation Efficiency of Exosomes for their use in Atherosclerosis Research.
    Phat Duong, Allen Chung, David K Wong, Kang Li, King Y Hong, Laura Bouchareychas, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  45. Advances, challenges, and opportunities in extracellular RNA biology: insights from the NIH exRNA Strategic Workshop.
    Li K, Rodosthenous RS, Kashanchi F, Gingeras T, Gould SJ, Kuo LS, Kurre P, Lee H, Leonard JN, Liu H, Lombo TB, Momma S, Nolan JP, Ochocinska MJ, Pegtel DM, Sadovsky Y, Sánchez-Madrid F, Valdes KM, Vickers KC, Weaver AM, Witwer KW, Zeng Y, Das S, Raffai RL, Howcroft TK| | PubMed
  46. Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation (C-DGUC): A Refined and High Performance Method for the Isolation, Characterization, and Use of Exosomes.
    Li K, Wong DK, Hong KY, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  47. Isolation of Plasma Lipoproteins as a Source of Extracellular RNA.
    Li K, Wong DK, Luk FS, Kim RY, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  48. Therapeutic control of systemic inflammation & atherosclerosis with ApoE-polarized macrophage exosomes.
    Robert Raffai, Kang Li, David Wong, Justin Hong| | UCSF Research Profile
  49. Hyperpolarized 13 C magnetic resonance evaluation of renal ischemia reperfusion injury in a murine model.
    Baligand C, Qin H, True-Yasaki A, Gordon JW, von Morze C, Santos JD, Wilson DM, Raffai R, Cowley PM, Baker AJ, Kurhanewicz J, Lovett DH, Wang ZJ| | PubMed
  50. An intracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 isoform induces tubular regulated necrosis: implications for acute kidney injury.
    Ceron CS, Baligand C, Joshi S, Wanga S, Cowley PM, Walker JP, Song SH, Mahimkar R, Baker AJ, Raffai RL, Wang ZJ, Lovett DH| | PubMed
  51. Extending gene ontology in the context of extracellular RNA and vesicle communication.
    Cheung KH, Keerthikumar S, Roncaglia P, Subramanian SL, Roth ME, Samuel M, Anand S, Gangoda L, Gould S, Alexander R, Galas D, Gerstein MB, Hill AF, Kitchen RR, Lötvall J, Patel T, Procaccini DC, Quesenberry P, Rozowsky J, Raffai RL, Shypitsyna A, Su AI, Théry C, Vickers K, Wauben MH, Mathivanan S, Milosavljevic A, Laurent LC| | PubMed
  52. Inhibition of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Enhances the Apoptosis Induced by Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Endothelial Progenitor Cells.
    Tie G, Yan J, Messina JA, Raffai RL, Messina LM| | PubMed
  53. Immunosuppression With FTY720 Reverses Cardiac Dysfunction in Hypomorphic ApoE Mice Deficient in SR-BI Expression That Survive Myocardial Infarction Caused by Coronary Atherosclerosis.
    Luk FS, Kim RY, Li K, Ching D, Wong DK, Joshi SK, Imhof I, Honbo N, Hoover H, Zhu BQ, Lovett DH, Karliner JS, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  54. Abstract 17311: Molecular Memory and the Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Intracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase-2.
    David H Lovett, Stanley Luk, Lalita Uttarwar, Sunil Joshi, Robert L RAffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  55. Biogenesis, delivery, and function of extracellular RNA.
    Patton JG, Franklin JL, Weaver AM, Vickers K, Zhang B, Coffey RJ, Ansel KM, Blelloch R, Goga A, Huang B, L'Etoille N, Raffai RL, Lai CP, Krichevsky AM, Mateescu B, Greiner VJ, Hunter C, Voinnet O, McManus MT| | PubMed
  56. Meeting report: discussions and preliminary findings on extracellular RNA measurement methods from laboratories in the NIH Extracellular RNA Communication Consortium.
    Laurent LC, Abdel-Mageed AB, Adelson PD, Arango J, Balaj L, Breakefield X, Carlson E, Carter BS, Majem B, Chen CC, Cocucci E, Danielson K, Courtright A, Das S, Abd Elmageed ZY, Enderle D, Ezrin A, Ferrer M, Freedman J, Galas D, Gandhi R, Huentelman MJ, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Kalani Y, Kim Y, Krichevsky AM, Lai C, Lal-Nag M, Laurent CD, Leonardo T, Li F, Malenica I, Mondal D, Nejad P, Patel T, Raffai RL, Rubio R, Skog J, Spetzler R, Sun J, Tanriverdi K, Vickers K, Wang L, Wang Y, Wei Z, Weiner HL, Wong D, Yan IK, Yeri A, Gould S| | PubMed
  57. Apolipoprotein e e4 domain interaction in size of hippocampal subregions, density of newborn neurons, and cognitive behaviors.
    Samuel O. Adeosun, Xu Hou, Xueying Zhao, Craig Stockmeier, Tom Mosley, Baoying Zheng, Robert Raffai, Qinli Zhang, Karl H. Weisgraber, Jun Ming Wang| | UCSF Research Profile
  58. Abstract 155: MicroRNA-146a Suppression of NF-?B-driven Monocyte/Macrophage Activation and Atherosclerosis is Regulated by Cellular ApoE Expression.
    Kang Li, Daniel Ching, Fu Sang Luk, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  59. Abstract 23: Immunosuppression with FTY720 Reverses Cardiac Dysfunction to Prevent Chronic Heart Failure in Mice that Survive Diet-induced Myocardial Infarction.
    Fu Sang Luk, Roy Y Kim, Kang Li, Daniel Ching, Sunil Joshi, Norman Honbo, Isabella Imhof, Bo-qing Zhu, David Lovett, Joel S Karliner, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  60. Abstract 481: Diabetic Hyperglycemia Accelerates Atherosclerosis by Driving Adaptive Immunity in Mice with Similar Hyperlipidemia.
    Robert L Raffai, Fu Sang Luk, Kang Li| | UCSF Research Profile
  61. Apolipoprotein E enhances microRNA-146a in monocytes and macrophages to suppress nuclear factor-κB-driven inflammation and atherosclerosis.
    Li K, Ching D, Luk FS, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  62. Apolipoprotein E and Atherosclerosis: Beyond Lipid Effects.
    Robert L. Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  63. A screen in mice uncovers repression of lipoprotein lipase by microRNA-29a as a mechanism for lipid distribution away from the liver.
    Mattis AN, Song G, Hitchner K, Kim RY, Lee AY, Sharma AD, Malato Y, McManus MT, Esau CC, Koller E, Koliwad S, Lim LP, Maher JJ, Raffai RL, Willenbring H| | PubMed
  64. The immunosuppressant FTY720 prolongs survival in a mouse model of diet-induced coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
    Wang G, Kim RY, Imhof I, Honbo N, Luk FS, Li K, Kumar N, Zhu BQ, Eberlé D, Ching D, Karliner JS, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  65. Hyperglycemia impairs atherosclerosis regression in mice.
    Gaudreault N, Kumar N, Olivas VR, Eberlé D, Stephens K, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  66. N-terminal truncated intracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, inflammation and systolic heart failure.
    Lovett DH, Mahimkar R, Raffai RL, Cape L, Zhu BQ, Jin ZQ, Baker AJ, Karliner JS| | PubMed
  67. Inducible ApoE gene repair in hypomorphic ApoE mice deficient in the low-density lipoprotein receptor promotes atheroma stabilization with a human-like lipoprotein profile.
    Eberlé D, Luk FS, Kim RY, Olivas VR, Kumar N, Posada JM, Li K, Gaudreault N, Rapp JH, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  68. Abstract 195: Apolipoprotein E Suppresses Atherosclerosis by Reducing Th1 Inflammatory Responses and by Favorably Altering Aortic Dendritic Cell Subsets in Hyperlipidemic Mice.
    Kang Li, Fu Sang Luk, Nikit Kumar, Roy Y Kim, Ashley Mahne, Delphine Eberle, Joseph H Rapp, Qizhi Tang, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  69. Abstract 375: Inducible ApoE Gene Repair in HypoE Mice Deficient in the LDL Receptor Promotes Atheroma Stabilization with a Human-like Lipoprotein Profile.
    Fu Sang Luk, Delphine Eberle, Roy Y Kim, Victor Olivas, Nikit Kumar, Jessica M Posada, Kang Li, Nathalie Gaudreault, Joseph H Rapp, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  70. Abstract 552: The Immunosuppressant FTY720 Increases Longevity and Prevents Chronic Heart Failure in HypoE Mice Deficient in the SR-BI Receptor that Survive Myocardial Infarction Caused by Diet-induced Coronary Atherosclerosis.
    Roy Y Kim, Guanying Wang, Isabella Imhof, Norman Honbo, Fu Sang Luk, Kang Li, Nikit Kumar, Bo-qing Zhu, Delphine Eberle, Joel S Karliner, Robert L Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  71. Apolipoprotein E regulation of myeloid cell plasticity in atherosclerosis.
    Raffai RL| | PubMed
  72. Macrophage-specific apoE gene repair reduces diet-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in hypomorphic Apoe mice.
    Gaudreault N, Kumar N, Olivas VR, Eberlé D, Rapp JH, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  73. A novel intracellular isoform of matrix metalloproteinase-2 induced by oxidative stress activates innate immunity.
    Lovett DH, Mahimkar R, Raffai RL, Cape L, Maklashina E, Cecchini G, Karliner JS| | PubMed
  74. Apolipoprotein E4 domain interaction accelerates diet-induced atherosclerosis in hypomorphic Arg-61 apoe mice.
    Eberlé D, Kim RY, Luk FS, de Mochel NS, Gaudreault N, Olivas VR, Kumar N, Posada JM, Birkeland AC, Rapp JH, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  75. ApoE suppresses atherosclerosis by reducing lipid accumulation in circulating monocytes and the expression of inflammatory molecules on monocytes and vascular endothelium.
    Gaudreault N, Kumar N, Posada JM, Stephens KB, Reyes de Mochel NS, Eberlé D, Olivas VR, Kim RY, Harms MJ, Johnson S, Messina LM, Rapp JH, Raffai RL| | PubMed
  76. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells by inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway.
    Tie G, Yan J, Yang Y, Park BD, Messina JA, Raffai RL, Nowicki PT, Messina LM| | PubMed
  77. Apolipoprotein E Suppresses Atherosclerosis by Reducing Leukocyte Recruitment to Atheroma.
    Nathalie Gaudreault, Nikit Kumar, Jessica Possada, Robert Raffai| | UCSF Research Profile
  78. Heparin Protects Against Septic Mortality via Apoe-Antagonism.
    K.I. Chuang, N. Hsu, B. Leung, N. Bien-Ly, R.L. Raffai, H.W. Harris| | UCSF Research Profile
  79. High-density lipoprotein determines adult mouse cardiomyocyte fate after hypoxia-reoxygenation through lipoprotein-associated sphingosine 1-phosphate.
    Tao R, Hoover HE, Honbo N, Kalinowski M, Alano CC, Karliner JS, Raffai R| | PubMed
  80. Diet-induced occlusive coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac dysfunction, and premature death in scavenger receptor class B type I-deficient, hypomorphic apolipoprotein ER61 mice.
    Zhang S, Picard MH, Vasile E, Zhu Y, Raffai RL, Weisgraber KH, Krieger M| | PubMed
  81. VEGF is crucial for the hepatic vascular development required for lipoprotein uptake.
    Carpenter B, Lin Y, Stoll S, Raffai RL, McCuskey R, Wang R| | PubMed
  82. Apolipoprotein E promotes the regression of atherosclerosis independently of lowering plasma cholesterol levels.
    Raffai RL, Loeb SM, Weisgraber KH| | PubMed
  83. Antibody phenotyping test for the human apolipoprotein E2 isoform.
    Raffaï RL, McPherson R, Weisgraber KH, Innerarity TL, Rassart E, Bersot TP, Milne RW| | PubMed
  84. Cholesterol: from heart attacks to Alzheimer's disease.
    Raffai RL, Weisgraber KH| | PubMed
  85. Hepatocyte-derived ApoE is more effective than non-hepatocyte-derived ApoE in remnant lipoprotein clearance.
    Raffaï RL, Hasty AH, Wang Y, Mettler SE, Sanan DA, Linton MF, Fazio S, Weisgraber KH| | PubMed
  86. 3P-0878 A mouse model to study the role of ApoE in atherosclerosis regression and plaque vulnerability in peripheral arterial disease.
    R. Raffai, S. Loeb, K. Weisgraber| | UCSF Research Profile
  87. Hypomorphic apolipoprotein E mice: a new model of conditional gene repair to examine apolipoprotein E-mediated metabolism.
    Raffai RL, Weisgraber KH| | PubMed
  88. Periplasmic expression and purification of recombinant Fabs.
    Raffaï RL| | PubMed
  89. Introduction of human apolipoprotein E4 "domain interaction" into mouse apolipoprotein E.
    Raffai RL, Dong LM, Farese RV, Weisgraber KH| | PubMed
  90. New insights into the heparan sulfate proteoglycan-binding activity of apolipoprotein E.
    Libeu CP, Lund-Katz S, Phillips MC, Wehrli S, Hernáiz MJ, Capila I, Linhardt RJ, Raffaï RL, Newhouse YM, Zhou F, Weisgraber KH| | PubMed
  91. Binding of an antibody mimetic of the human low density lipoprotein receptor to apolipoprotein E is governed through electrostatic forces. Studies using site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling.
    Raffaï R, Weisgraber KH, MacKenzie R, Rupp B, Rassart E, Hirama T, Innerarity TL, Milne R| | PubMed
  92. Bacterial expression and purification of the Fab fragment of a monoclonal antibody specific for the low-density lipoprotein receptor-binding site of human apolipoprotein E.
    Raffaï R, Vukmirica J, Weisgraber KH, Rassart E, Innerarity TL, Milne R| | PubMed
  93. Structure of a monoclonal 2E8 Fab antibody fragment specific for the low-density lipoprotein-receptor binding region of apolipoprotein E refined at 1.9 A.
    Trakhanov S, Parkin S, Raffaï R, Milne R, Newhouse YM, Weisgraber KH, Rupp B| | PubMed
  94. Molecular characterization of two monoclonal antibodies specific for the LDL receptor-binding site of human apolipoprotein E.
    Raffai R, Maurice R, Weisgraber K, Innerarity T, Wang X, MacKenzie R, Hirama T, Watson D, Rassart E, Milne R| | PubMed
  95. Determination of the fine specificity and molecular cloning of two monoclonal antibodies directed against the receptor-binding domain of human apolipoprotein E.
    R. Raffai¨, E. Rassart, K. Weisgraber, T. Innerarity, R. Milne| | UCSF Research Profile